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    What a leave costs

    Pay lost over a leave after employer, state and disability pay, the wRVU bonus, and the FMLA and ACGME rules against the facts you enter.

    Runs in your browserNot legal or financial advice

    Example valuesWhat 12 weeks of leave cost in 2027

    $50,618

    $28,618 of pay after benefits and $22,000 of bonus with the threshold as written.

    Pay and bonus without the leave
    $94,000
    With the leave as entered
    $43,382
    Bonus lost, threshold reduced per week
    $12,000
    State benefit counted
    $7,382
    FMLA tests as entered
    2 of 3 met

    Example valuesRun your own at joinandwise.com/decide/time-offState paid-leave agencies, 29 CFR 825.110checked November 3, 2026amounts entered are masked

    The leave
    Benefits during unpaid weeks

    The waiting period is compared with a medical leave only. The disability check reads it from a quote.

    FMLA facts

    Hours actually worked: paid and unpaid leave do not count toward the 1,250.

    Productivity pay (leave the threshold at 0 if none)

    Example: an attending at $312,000 taking 12 weeks of bonding leave in Massachusetts, 6 of them paid, 8 months into the job.

    What does this leave cost this year?

    Show the math (high confidence)

    Inputs and assumptions

    • Bonding with a new child; an attending; leave starting 2027-03.
    • Weekly pay is the salary or stipend entered ÷ 52. Employer-paid weeks come first, at full pay.
    • State benefit: 80% of the part of the average weekly wage up to 50% of the state average weekly wage, and 50% of the part above it, up to the maximum (M.G.L. c. 175M, § 3(b)). The tool uses the weekly maximum when 50% of weekly pay reaches it, and that lower bound otherwise; agencies compute from base-period earnings.
    • State benefits are counted only on unpaid weeks. State and short-term disability benefits are added, up to the week's pay; many policies offset one against the other.
    • Bonus: the /contracts/pto-threshold arithmetic, with 5 weeks of other time off and production spread evenly over the weeks worked.
    • FMLA lines compare the facts entered with the three numbers in 29 CFR 825.110. Whether an employer is covered and how hours are counted are questions for HR.

    Formulas and sources appear beside each result below.

    Rules and sources: State paid-leave programs checked 2026-11-03; FMLA, ACGME and ABMS rules checked 2026-10-27.

    12 weeks away: 6 weeks paid by the employer and 6 weeks unpaid at $6,000 a week. Massachusetts's Paid Family and Medical Leave (PFML) pays $1,230 a week (its weekly maximum) for 6 weeks of the unpaid time. Pay lost after benefits: $28,618. With the wRVU threshold as written, the bonus falls by $22,000; reduced per week of leave, by $12,000.

    Objective indicators

    What's at stake

    Pay lost after benefits
    $28,618
    6 weeks unpaid × $6,000, less $7,382 of benefits.
    Bonus lost, threshold as written
    $22,000
    $22,000 without the leave, $0 with it.
    Bonus lost, threshold reduced per week
    $12,000
    The threshold falls by 1/52 for each week of leave.
    State benefit counted
    $7,382
    Massachusetts's Paid Family and Medical Leave (PFML) pays $1,230 a week (its weekly maximum) for 6 weeks of the unpaid time.
    FMLA tests as entered
    2 of 3 met
    Does not meet the 12-month test as entered: 8 of 12 months with the employer. Meets the 1,250-hour test as entered: 1,600 of 1,250 hours worked in the 12 months before the leave. Meets the 50-employee test as entered: 500 of 50 employees within 75 miles.

    Example valuesjoinandwise.com/decide/time-offchecked November 3, 2026amounts entered are masked

    Assessment

    The strongest case for change

    Each unpaid week the employer's policy pays instead lowers the cost by up to $4,770, and each week the wRVU threshold is reduced for leave is worth $5,000 of bonus.

    Plan

    Questions to settle first

    1. For HR: how many weeks does the leave policy pay at full salary, does it apply in the first 12 months, and is it coordinated with the state benefit or short-term disability?
    2. For HR or the compensation committee: is the wRVU threshold reduced for approved leave, and by how much per week? Threshold and time off
    3. For Department of Family and Medical Leave: what weekly benefit and how many weeks apply to this leave, and does the employer's pay reduce them? Agency page
    4. For the loan servicer: how are the 3 months that include this leave counted toward PSLF under the text in force from July 1, 2026? Repayment plans

    Arithmetic on the numbers you entered: change an input and the answer changes. Not financial, legal or tax advice.

    PSLF: the full-time text before and after July 1, 2026

    The leave entered covers about 3 months. 34 CFR 685.219 defines full-time for PSLF; the sentence on paid and FMLA leave is in the earlier text and not in the current one.

    Through June 30, 2026
    Routine paid vacation or paid leave time provided by the employer, and leave taken under the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (29 U.S.C. 2612(a)(1)) will be considered when determining if the borrower is working full-time.

    34 CFR 685.219 as of May 1, 2026 (prior text), checked November 3, 2026.

    From July 1, 2026
    Full-time means: (i) Working in qualifying employment in one or more jobs— (A) A minimum average of 30 hours per week during the period being certified …

    34 CFR 685.219, Public Service Loan Forgiveness; RISE final rule, 91 FR 23768 (May 1, 2026), checked November 3, 2026.

    How those months are counted is a question for the loan servicer.

    Example valuesjoinandwise.com/decide/time-off34 CFR 685.219checked November 3, 2026amounts entered are masked

    State paid family and medical leave programs, 2026

    Thirteen states and the District of Columbia have paid family and medical leave laws. Each weekly maximum below is the one in force on November 3, 2026, from the state agency; the formula and the waiting period are as the agency or statute states them.

    All 14 programs: weekly maximum and weeks by kind of leave
    StateWeekly maximumBondingCaregivingOwn healthWaiting period
    California$1,7658 wk8 wk52 wkNone (own health: 7 days)
    Colorado$1,448.0212 wk12 wk12 wkNone
    Connecticut$1,016.4012 wk12 wk12 wkNot stated
    Delaware$90012 wk6 wk6 wkNot stated
    District of Columbia$1,10012 wk6 wk10 wkNone
    Maine$1,249.1212 wk12 wk12 wkNone (own health: 7 days)
    Maryland (benefits from January 1, 2028)$1,00012 wk12 wk12 wkNot stated
    Massachusetts$1,230.3912 wk12 wk20 wk7 days
    Minnesota$1,475.0912 wk12 wk12 wkNone
    New Jersey$1,11912 wk12 wk26 wkNot stated (own health: 7 days)
    New York$1,228.53 ($170 own health)12 wk12 wk26 wkNot stated (own health: 7 days)
    Oregon$1,692.1612 wk12 wk12 wkNone
    Rhode Island$1,1508 wk8 wk30 wkNone
    Washington$1,64712 wk12 wk12 wkNone (own health: 7 days)

    Massachusetts: Paid Family and Medical Leave (PFML)

    80% of the part of the average weekly wage up to 50% of the state average weekly wage, and 50% of the part above it, up to the maximum (M.G.L. c. 175M, § 3(b)).

    The 2026 maximum weekly benefit rate, 64% of the 2026 state average weekly wage of $1,922.48 (M.G.L. c. 175M, § 3(b)(2)); the 2027 maximum is $1,284.61. A leave in a benefit year that began in 2025 uses the 2025 rates. Combined limit: 26 weeks.

    Mass.gov, Paid Family and Medical Leave overview and benefits; Mass.gov, how PFML weekly benefit amounts are calculated; Mass.gov, types of Paid Family and Medical Leave (waiting period exception); Mass.gov, PFML benefit program launches for eligible workers (benefit start dates); M.G.L. c. 175M, § 3, determination of weekly benefit amount, checked November 3, 2026.

    Download the table as CSV or JSON (CC BY 4.0). Whether an employer's private plan replaces the state plan, and how employer pay and the state benefit combine, are questions for HR and the agency.

    Example valuesjoinandwise.com/decide/time-offState paid-leave agencieschecked November 3, 2026amounts entered are masked

    The rules the tests use

    FMLA eligibility, 29 CFR 825.110

    An eligible employee is an employee of a covered employer who: (1) Has been employed by the employer for at least 12 months, and (2) Has been employed for at least 1,250 hours of service during the 12-month period immediately preceding the commencement of the leave … and (3) Is employed at a worksite where 50 or more employees are employed by the employer within 75 miles of that worksite. … The 12 months an employee must have been employed by the employer need not be consecutive months.

    29 CFR 825.110, FMLA eligibility, checked November 3, 2026.

    What the FMLA provides

    The Family and Medical Leave Act protects a job for up to 12 workweeks of leave, which is unpaid unless paid leave is substituted. Eligibility needs 12 months with the employer, 1,250 hours actually worked in the 12 months before leave starts (paid and unpaid leave do not count), and 50 employees within 75 miles. A physician in the first 12 months at a new employer does not meet the 12-month test.

    29 CFR 825.110, FMLA eligibility; U.S. Department of Labor, Fact Sheet #28: the FMLA; U.S. Department of Labor, FMLA frequently asked questions, checked October 27, 2026.

    Residents: the ACGME's 6 weeks

    ACGME Institutional Requirements §4.8: residents and fellows have at least six weeks of approved medical, parental and caregiver leave at least once during an accredited program, from the day they are required to report. The first six weeks of the first approved leave are paid at 100% of salary, at least one more week of paid time off is reserved for use outside them, and health and disability insurance continue during approved leave. Programs must explain how a longer leave affects completion and board eligibility.

    ACGME Institutional Requirements, including FAQs (2026), §4.8, checked October 27, 2026.

    Residents: the ABMS 6 weeks

    The ABMS requires member boards whose training lasts two years or more to allow at least six weeks away for parental, caregiver and medical leave once during training, without using up other allowed time away and without requiring the training to be extended.

    ABMS, policy on parental, caregiver and medical leave during training, checked October 27, 2026.

    State paid-leave programs

    Thirteen states and the District of Columbia have paid family and medical leave laws. Maryland's program begins paying benefits on January 1, 2028. Most state programs base eligibility on earnings or hours in the state rather than time with one employer; Delaware's requires at least one year and 1,250 hours with a single employer.

    U.S. Department of Labor Women's Bureau, paid leave; NCSL, state family and medical leave laws; Maryland FAMLI, about the program; Delaware Department of Labor, Delaware Paid Leave, checked November 3, 2026.

    The decision page Parental, medical and caregiver leave, and coming backcarries these rules with what changes at each stage. What the arithmetic leaves out: how hours are counted, whether an employer is covered, and how a board counts time away are questions for HR, counsel and the program.

    Example valuesjoinandwise.com/decide/time-off29 CFR 825.110; ACGME; ABMSchecked October 27, 2026amounts entered are masked

    Decision record

    Save these inputs, the result and your next step with a review date. Stored only in this browser.

    This is not a substitute for the advice of an attorney. Andwise is not affiliated with or endorsed by the U.S. Department of Education or any lender or loan servicer.